Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
ENERGY POLICY FOR SUSTAINABLEENVIRONMENT, Cemil Serhat AKIN,Cengiz AYTUN, Editör, Iksad Publishing House, Ankara, ss.207-229, 2020
Businesses
have to deal with the unpredictable, uncertain and often the unknown. Even when
things are running smoothly and in stable times, important and unexpected
events effect on political or market changes, which creates uncertainty and
causes problems for businesses. There can be an unforeseen devastating change
in businesses at any time through a sudden virus outbreak (for example, for the
reflection of Covid19, which emerged in Wuhan province of China in 2020 and was
declared a pandemic, on SMEs, see Fairlie, 2020) or a nuclear accident (For the
effects of Japan's Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant accident on the operations of
the businesses in the region, see Gulati, Casto, & Krontiris, 2014). Whereas,
businesses generally tend to maintain their current status and settled to
established business models. However, when businesses are subjected to severe
pressure, they have to change their current position.
In general,
the decrease in energy resources in the world increases the uncertainty and the
obligation of change for organizations and requires them to develop new
policies for the future. At the same time, it is of great importance to use
existing energy resources more effectively and efficiently for all businesses.
In the next few decades, businesses may face many consequences, from severe
climate impacts to negative energy. Besides to rising global temperatures,
rising sea levels, and the rottenness of extraordinarily weather events, there
are incremented risks to infrastructure, human health and agriculture
(Maiorano, 2019). For this reason, businesses need to determine important
strategies in the field of energy efficiency to gain advantage over their
competitors (Angels, Kunkis, & Altstaedt, 2020). These strategies include decreasing
the emission of greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere, largely
associated with the burning of fossil fuels, in order to reduce climate change
around the world (Maiorano, 2019).
While there
is still a gap in the world in formulating climate mitigation targets and
implementing de-carbonization targets, businesses have started to anticipate a
phasing out of fossil fuel-based power generation. In these important
developments, creating a common vision for the future of businesses is an
important strategy. De-carbonization of energy producing enterprises in the
energy sector infers renewal carbon-containing fuels with non-fossil
alternatives. Fossil fuels are old energy storage vehicles that manufacturers
have produced for thousands of years. Economic system is contingent on energy
produced from fossil fuels, complete de-carbonization could lead to a radical
change in terms of economy and society. It is possible to say that they should
be aware of the concept of de-carbonization in their businesses and start
taking the necessary measures and applications from this area. Businesses
should formulate the carbon-free future in advance, anticipate legal
regulations and adjust their corporate goals accordingly. Therefore, climate
policy is a basic element in creating future strategies (Angels et al., 2020).
Conventional
energy providers show the major changes in energy systems in the coming years
as a requirement of the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, and these changes
are in an uncertain situation in affecting profitability and long-term survival
of businesses. Electricity generating companies experience management task
complexity in this sense and they have to develop important strategies for
themselves and their future (Angels et al., 2020).
A traditional
economic view suggests that workers are less stimulated to save energy in their
job than outside job since monetary rewards are more indirect at job. Nevertheless,
leader enterprises have linked the success of the individual to the success of
the organization by making energy performance a urgency for everybody. At the
same time, they find ways to take advantage of their employees' intrinsic motives
to increase productivity, reduce pollution, and innovate by going beyond
external monetary rewards. Many employees find that when asked for making a
difference in this way, they respond with energetic and creative solutions that
result in significant savings in resources and energy (Prindle & Finlinson,
2011).
The increase in environmental awareness due to consumer, society and government regulations, and the concerns of business partners and management for this cause the necessity of energy efficiency because of a sustainable competition. The aim of this chapter is to explain what kind of policies and strategies should be followed in order to ensure energy efficiency for a sustainable environment. Which types of applications should be included in accordance with these strategies constitute the sub-objective of the chapter. In this context, the fight against uncertainty due to the energy transformation of the organizations that follow certainty is explained, and then applications of the policies and strategies followed for ensuring energy efficiency are discussed. The theories that reflect the perspectives of researchers in the analysis of organizations’ practices in relation to energy efficiency are examined in the next heading. Finally, the strategies that corporates can follow in the implementation of energy efficiency are listed as sub-headings.