Biochemical and histopathological examination of the effect of cigarette smoking on rat kidneys

Dönder A., Balahoroğlu R., Dülger H., Şekeroğlu M. R., Yilmaz A., Aslanhan H., ...More

Analytical and Quantitative Cytopathology and Histopathology, vol.39, no.4, pp.215-222, 2017 (Scopus) identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 39 Issue: 4
  • Publication Date: 2017
  • Journal Name: Analytical and Quantitative Cytopathology and Histopathology
  • Journal Indexes: Scopus
  • Page Numbers: pp.215-222
  • Keywords: Cigarette smoke, Histopathology, IL-18, Kidney, KIM-1, NGAL protein, Nicotine, Renal damage, Renal disease, Smoking, Tobacco smoking
  • Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To study the negative effects of cigarette smoke on the kidney, and to determine if those effects are reversed after smoking cessation. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 40 rats were divided into 5 groups of 8 each: group I, control group; group II, rats exposed to cigarette smoke; group III, rats that discontinued smoking for 1 month; group IV, rats that discontinued smoking for 3 months; and group V, rats that discontinued smoking for 5 months. Serum urea, creatinine, cotinine, IL-18, NGAL, and KIM-1 levels were measured in the blood samples. RESULTS: Cotinine levels in all groups were similar to those of the control group, but only the nicotine group had a significant increase. The active smoker group exposed to cigarette smoke displayed dense vacuolization. As a result of the exposure to cigarette smoke, increasing levels of urinary creatine, microalbumin, and ß-2 microglobulin and urea in serum led to changes in KIM-1 and NGAL values, which result in dysfunction of glomeruli and tubules. CONCLUSION: We observed that smoking cessation may lead to improvement after 3 months in both biochemical parameters and glomerular and tubular changes and approaches their normal values/structures 5 months later.