Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
JOURNAL OF ALTERNATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE, sa.7, ss.713-718, 2007 (SCI-Expanded)
Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the activity of the propolis and its combinations with mupirocin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in nasal carriage. Methods: This study was carried out between June and August 2005. To infect nares of the rabbits, MRSA ( ATCC 33591) strain was used. Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined according to National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Each inoculum was prepared in the same medium at a density adjusted to a 0.5 McFarland turbidity standard (10(5) colony- forming units [cfu]/ mL) and diluted 1: 100 for the broth microdilution procedure. Ten microliters (10 mu L) (10(5) cfu/mL) of the bacterial suspension containing approximately 1000 cfu of MRSA was administered with sterile microsyringe through both nostrils of each rabbit. Ninety-six ( 96) hours after inoculation, the presence of infection was confirmed by using bacterial cultures. Twenty-six young New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups. Each treatment group ( 1, 2, and 3) included 7 rabbits and control group ( group 4) included 5 rabbits. Group 1 was treated with topical mupirocin + ethanolic extract of propolis drops, group 2 received topical mupirocin, group 3 was administered ethanolic extract of propolis drops, and the control group ( group 4) was only treated with phosphate-buffered solution drops for 7 days. At the end of study, nasal cultures and smears were obtained for bacterial count and cytologic examination. Results: The colony numbers of bacteria in group 1 were determined to be significantly lower than in group 2 (p= 0.0001), group 3 (p = 0.0001), and group 4 ( p = 0.0001). The mean bacterial cell counts of groups 1- 4 were 360.2 +/- 52.4 cfu/ mL, 4120.6 +/- 860.4 cfu/ mL, 5980.8 +/- 1240.6 cfu/ mL, and 11500.0 +/- 2568.4 cfu/ mL, respectively. Mupirocin + propolis administration ( group 1) resulted in a significant reduction in the polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) count in the mucous membranes of rabbits compared with the other treatment groups ( p < 0.05). Conclusions: Propolis addition to mupirocin regimen was found to result in more profound reduction in bacterial cell count and inflammatory response compared with the rest of the treatment modalities.