Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Journal of Visualized Experiments, cilt.2026-May, sa.231, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
Platelet rich fibrin (PRF) and growth factors are routinely used to accelerate hard and soft tissue regeneration in periodontal surgical procedures, dental implant applications and oral surgery for the last 30 years in the field of dentistry. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of smoking on autologous growth factors within PRF. The study population consisted of 20 male participants (10 smokers/10 non-smokers) and 20 female participants (10 smokers/10 non-smokers). Each participant provided two tubes of venous blood (approximately 7 ml each). The first tube was used for a complete blood count (CBC). The second tube was centrifuged at 708 x g for 12 min, and the resulting PRF was analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to determine the levels of growth factors (Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)). The results showed that smoking resulted in a decrease in mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW) and platelet larger cell ratio (P-LCR) values (p<0.05) in the whole population. In females, smoking led to a decrease in red blood cell (RBC), MPV, PDW and P-LCR levels, while in male subjects, it resulted in an increase in hematocrit (HCT) values (p<0.05). It was also found that smoking led to an increase in FGF and TGFβ-1 within PRF (p<0.05). Although current results showed a slight increase in certain growth factors in smokers, the clinical relevance of this finding should be investigated in further studies.