Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
BMC MICROBIOLOGY, cilt.26, sa.1, 2025 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
Aim This study aims to test the effectiveness of postbiotics from Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus casei, along with Glycyrrhetinic acid, against H. pylori in both AGS cells (a human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line) and an experimental rat gastritis model. Method The effectiveness of the compounds (postbiotics and G. acid) against H. pylori was evaluated by measuring the expression levels of various genes, including NF-kappa B, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-alpha, COX-2, FOX-M1, and IL-33 in AGS cells using the Real-Time PCR method. Additionally, bacterial loads in gastric tissue were quantified using culture-based colony-forming unit (CFU) analysis and expressed as log(1)(0) CFU/g. The study also evaluated the effectiveness of combinations of these components in the rat gastritis model through microbiological and histopathological analyses. Results The postbiotics of S. thermophilus and L. casei have shown a significant reduction in the expression level of NF-kappa B when compared to the control group. The S. thermophilus plus L. casei treatment group showed a 10-fold decrease in NF-kappa B expression, while the G. acid plus L. casei treatment group showed a 5-fold decrease. TNF-alpha expression levels were also lower in the S. thermophilus and L. casei treatment groups with 10-fold and 5-fold reductions, respectively. The expression of IL-1 beta was significantly reduced in all treatment groups compared to the control group, with a 10-fold decrease in expression. The S. thermophilus plus L. casei treatment group exhibited a 10-fold reduction in IL-6 release, a proinflammatory cytokine. Similarly, the expression of IL-8 was reduced by 10-fold and 2-fold in the S. thermophilus and L. casei treatment groups, respectively. Additionally, bacterial loads in gastric tissue were quantified using culture-based colony-forming unit (CFU) analysis and expressed as log(1)(0) CFU/g. The mean bacterial load in the infected control group was 6.14 +/- 0.18 log(1)(0) CFU/g, while the quaternary treatment group (S. thermophilus + L. casei + G. acid + antibiotic) achieved complete eradication with no detectable colonies (0.00 +/- 0.00 log(1)(0) CFU/g). Ternary and binary treatment groups exhibited intermediate bacterial loads, ranging from approximately 1.63 +/- 0.09 to 3.24 +/- 0.17 log(1)(0) CFU/g, indicating partial efficacy compared to the control group. Conclusion These promising findings can pave the way for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for treating H. pylori-associated gastritis. The combination of molecular (gene expression) and microbiological (CFU) data demonstrates the multi-dimensional efficacy of postbiotics and glycyrrhetinic acid as potential adjunctive agents.