Effects of ultrasonication and conventional mechanical homogenization processes on the structures and dielectric properties of BaTiO3 ceramics

Akbas H. Z., Aydin Z., Yilmaz O., Turgut S.

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, vol.34, pp.873-880, 2017 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus) identifier identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 34
  • Publication Date: 2017
  • Doi Number: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.07.027
  • Journal Name: Ultrasonics Sonochemistry
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus
  • Page Numbers: pp.873-880
  • Keywords: Barium titanate, Dielectric properties, Homogenization process, Mechanical milling, Ultrasonication
  • Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

The effects of the homogenization process on the structures and dielectric properties of pure and Nb-doped BaTiO3 ceramics have been investigated using an ultrasonic homogenization and conventional mechanical methods. The reagents were homogenized using an ultrasonic processor with high-intensity ultrasonic waves and using a compact mixer-shaker. The components and crystal types of the powders were determined by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The complex permittivity (ε′, ε″) and AC conductivity (σ′) of the samples were analyzed in a wide frequency range of 20 Hz to 2 MHz at room temperature. The structures and dielectric properties of pure and Nb-doped BaTiO3 ceramics strongly depend on the homogenization process in a solid-state reaction method. Using an ultrasonic processor with high-intensity ultrasonic waves based on acoustic cavitation phenomena can make a significant improvement in producing high-purity BaTiO3 ceramics without carbonate impurities with a small dielectric loss.