Whole Genome Sequencing of Multi-Drug Resistant<i> Enterococcus</i><i> faecalis</i> Isolated from a Camel
ISRAEL JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE, vol.80, no.2, pp.14-20, 2025 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Publication Type: Article / Article
- Volume: 80 Issue: 2
- Publication Date: 2025
- Journal Name: ISRAEL JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE
- Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, BIOSIS, EMBASE, Jewish Studies Source
- Page Numbers: pp.14-20
- Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Affiliated: Yes
Abstract
The emergence of antimicrobial-resistant, livestock-associated Enterococcus faecalis represents a public health concern. Here, we report the isolation, molecular detection of virulence, and antimicrobial resistance and prophage determinants of multi-drug resistant (MDR) Enterococcus faecalis isolated from a camel with an oral wound using whole genome sequencing (WGS). Several antimicrobial resistance genes conferring resistance to aminoglycosides (aac(6)'-aph(2)', aph(3)'-IIIa, and str), lincosamides (lnu(B), lsa(A), and lsa(E)), streptothricin (sat4), macrolides (erm(A), erm(B), msr(A), msr(B)), trimethoprim (dfr, dfrG) and tetracyclines (tet(L) and tet(M)), chloramphenicol (cat), linezolid (optrA) and florfenicol (fexA) were identified. No vancomycin resistance (van cluster) genes and no resistance-associated point mutations were detected within the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDR) of the parC and gyrA genes in the assembled genome of E. faecalis, suggesting susceptibility to fluoroquinolones at the genetic level. The sequence type (ST) of the isolate was determined as 1116. A total of four different intact prophage were detected in the genome. In addition, 17 putative virulence genes including sex pheromones (cCF10, cOB1, camE, cad), adhesins (efaAfs, ace), cytolysin toxin-associated genes (cylA, cylB, cylL, cylM), endocarditis and biofilm-associated pili genes (ebpA, ebpB, ebpC), hyaluronidase (hylA), the biofilm-and pilus associated sortase (SrtA), and other survival genes (ElrA, tpx) were detected. These findings highlight the importance of genomic surveillance to monitor the spread of multidrug-resistant E. faecalis in animals. The variety of resistance genes and virulence factors identified in the study indicate the need for effective strategies to control the spread of these resistant bacteria in the food chain.