In  this  study,  the  short  history,  aims,  general  framework  of  social  studies education  in  Spanish  primary  education system and the basic learning areas applied in the current social ctudies courses are shed light on. Within the scope of the study, which followed a path from general to specific, firstly the general profile ofSpain was drawn, then the basic components of the Spanish education system were revealed, and finally,information on the content of social studies education  was  given.  The  aim of  the  study  is  to  examine  the  social  studies  curriculum  of  Spain  country,  which  is considered to be similar to Turkey in the context of its historical developments, and which has the characteristics of two peninsulas located in the east and west of the Mediterranean, constituting the two edge regions of Southern Europe, and to be apioneer in comparative social studies education between two countries. In the study, the case study method, which is one of the qualitative research methods and frequently used in educational research, was used. In the process of obtaining the data, the  method  of  document  analysis  was  applied  and  the  Spanish  Royal  Decrees,  which  are  the  primary  sources,  the  Spanish Official  Gazette,  which  includes  the  laws  related  to  education,  and  the  official  data  of  the  Spanish  Ministry  of  National Education  were  used. On  the  other  hand,  the  books,  articles  and  theses  that  were  mostly  written  by  Spanish  authors  were examined and included in the literature stage. In addition, the EURYDICE database, which includes reports and statistics on the education systems of European countries, and various other internet resources were also consulted. As a result, social studies education in  Spanish primary  education system,  which is  carried  out  over four  basic  learning  areas,  and  its reflections  have been tried to be expressed in general terms.