Achieving SDG-13 in the Era of Conflicts: The Roles of Economic Growth and Government Stability

Dai J., Ahmed Z., PATA U. K., Ahmad M.

Evaluation Review, cilt.47, sa.6, ss.1168-1192, 2023 (SSCI) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 47 Sayı: 6
  • Basım Tarihi: 2023
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1177/0193841x231160626
  • Dergi Adı: Evaluation Review
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, International Bibliography of Social Sciences, Periodicals Index Online, EBSCO Education Source, Education Abstracts, Educational research abstracts (ERA), EMBASE, PAIS International, Psycinfo, Public Administration Abstracts, Public Affairs Index, Social services abstracts, Sociological abstracts
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.1168-1192
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: conflicts, ecological sustainability, economic development, government stability, SDG-13
  • Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Establishing effective climate control and reducing the ecological footprint (EF) are necessary for pursuing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), in particular Goal 13. In this context, it is required to enhance the understanding of various factors that can either decrease or enhance the EF. In the literature to date, limited studies on external conflicts (EX) have reported diverse results, and also the impacts of government stability (GS) on EF are less explored. This study explores the roles of external conflicts, economic growth, and government stability on EF in the context of SDG-13. The study also contributes to the literature by examining the environmental effects of government stability and external conflicts for the first time in Pakistan. This research uses time-series methodologies on data from Pakistan from 1984 to 2018 for exploring the long-run relations and causal dynamics. The results unfolded that external conflicts stimulate and Granger cause EF and therefore expand environmental deterioration. Thus, limiting conflicts is in the favor of Pakistan to achieve SDG-13. Surprisingly, government stability also poses harmful impacts on environmental quality by enhancing the EF, indicating that stable governments focus on improving economic conditions rather than environmental quality. Moreover, the study proves the validity of the environmental Kuznets curve. Policy suggestions are made to move forward in achieving SDG-13 and to evaluate the effectiveness of government environmental policies.