Degradation of nitroaromatic compounds in subcritical water: Application of response surface methodology


Kayan B., Akay S., Gözmen B., Gizir A. M., DEMİREL M., Kalderis D.

Desalination and Water Treatment, vol.77, pp.237-246, 2017 (SCI-Expanded) identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 77
  • Publication Date: 2017
  • Doi Number: 10.5004/dwt.2017.20778
  • Journal Name: Desalination and Water Treatment
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus
  • Page Numbers: pp.237-246
  • Keywords: Box-Behnken, Degradation, Nitroaromatic compounds, Response surface methodology, Subcritical water
  • Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

In this study, subcritical water has been used as a medium for degradation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT), 4-nitrotoluene (4-NT) and 2-amino-4-nitrotoluene (2-A-4-NT). The effect of temperature, oxidant concentration and time were studied and the optimal combination of reaction parameters was established using response surface methodology in a Box-Behnken design. Of all the parameters examined, temperature showed the most positive effect on the degradation of the nitroaromatic compounds. Optimal reaction conditions were found to be a temperature of 240°C, 210°C and 236°C, time of 180, 178 and 172 min, oxidant concentration of 100, 99.64 and 99.61 mM for 2,4-DNT, 4-NT and 2-A-4-NT, respectively. Since high-temperature was applied, the possibility of formation of subcritical degradation products existed; therefore, total amounts of degraded nitroaromatic compounds and formed intermediate products were determined by gas chromatographic–mass spectrometric analysis.